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The Semantic Tafsir Ontology

This version:
https://purl.org/semantictafsir
Latest version:
http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/
Authors:
Amna binte Kamran
Amna Basharat
Download serialization:
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License:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Cite as:
Amna binte Kamran, Amna Basharat. The Semantic Tafsir Ontology.
Ontology Specification

The Semantic Tafsir Ontology: Description back to ToC

The SemanticTafsir ontology is developed to encapsulate and preserve the knowledge from Tafsir, focusing on the Quranic commentary structured within its literary context. This ontology serves as a vocabulary to model Quranic verses, Tafsir interpretations, and referenced Hadith Conceptual Model of Semantic Tafsir Ontology

Namespace declarations

Table 1: Namespaces used in the document
[Ontology NS Prefix]<http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/>
schema<http://schema.org>
owl<http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl>
rdf<http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns>
terms<http://purl.org/dc/terms>
xml<http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace>
xsd<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema>
rdfs<http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema>
hadith<http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology>

The Semantic Tafsir Ontology: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Cross-reference for The Semantic Tafsir Ontology classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by The Semantic Tafsir Ontology.

Classes

additional textc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/AdditionalText

Represents any additional text that complements the main content, such as footnotes or marginalia.
is in range of
contains additional text op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

Ayahc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Verse

Refers to a specific verse of the Quran that is the subject of interpretation.
is equivalent to
is in range of
contains verse op, is part of verse op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, verse fragment c

book locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/BookLocation

Represents the page and volume of the Tafsir contents in the physical editions of Tafsir Collections
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

commentaryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Commentary

Represents the interpretative commentary of the scholars provided in the Tafsir, linked to specific verses or themes
is in range of
contains commentary op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

dataset locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/DatasetLocation

Specifies the location of content within the digital data.
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

hadithc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/Hadith

Represents Hadith narrations referenced in the Tafsir to provide context or explanation of Quranic verses.
is in domain of
has hadith text op, has narrator chain op
is in range of
is part of op, is part of hadith op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

hadith narratorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/HadithNarrator

A subclass of Person, specifically representing narrators of Hadith.
has super-classes
person c
has sub-classes
root narrator c
is in domain of
has narrator type op, heard from op, transferred to op
is in range of
heard from op, refers to narrator op, transferred to op

hadith textc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/HadithText

Refers to the text of a Hadith itself, distinct from its chain of Narrators etc
is in range of
has hadith text op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

line beginningc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/LineBeginning

Marks the beginning of a new line in the text, used for precise text alignment.
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

locationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Location

General class for representing any geographical or contextual location mentioned in the Tafsir. Location names are mostly straightforward (either classical Arabic names, or names going back to the ancient age of Babylonia). Sometimes, their semantics are ambiguous, e.g. the word Medina (city) is not a Proper Noun, however, when it is used in a short form for Medina Al Munawwarah ("The Enlightened City"), then it becomes a Proper Noun. The word’s meaning is highly context-dependent.
is equivalent to
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

narrator chainc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/NarratorChain

Captures the chain of narrators associated with a Hadith, documenting the transmission lineage.
is in domain of
has narrator segment op, has root narrator segment op
is in range of
has narrator chain op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

narrator chain segmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/NarratorChainSegment

Represents segments of the narrator chain, allowing for detailed tracking of transmission paths.
has sub-classes
root narrator chain segment c
is in domain of
refers to narrator op
is in range of
has narrator segment op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

narrator typec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/NarratorType

Categorises narrators based on their role or reliability in the chain of transmission. Denotes the role or classification of a narrator in the transmission of Tafsir content, including types such as Qari (reciter), Rawi (narrator), Sahabi (companion of the Prophet), Shaykh (learned authority), and Unknown_Rawi (unidentified narrator).
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

notec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Note

Contains any notes or annotations made by the author or scholars regarding the text.
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

organizationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Organization

Refers to the extended modern definition of this class to the classical context of religious organizations (Jews, Christians, Muslims), their subgroups (Sunni, Shia, Ismailities), theological school of thoughts (Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i, Hanbali), tribes and clans (Hashim, Quraysh), and ethnic groups (Arabs, Greeks, Persians).
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

otherc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Other

A general class for any miscellaneous or uncategorised elements in the Tafsir, such as the name of languages (Arabic, Greek, Latin), angels (Gabriel, Michael, Raphael), and (polytheistic) deities (Al-Uzza, Al-Lat, Manat, Baa)
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

personc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/Person

Represents any individual mentioned in the Tafsir, either historical or contemporary. Naming can be a complex process in classical Arab society (comparable to ancient Hebraic naming) (Almuhanna and Prunet, 2019). Full names are made of chains of single names, which can include the name of the city where the person was living. Once the full name is mentioned, short forms are usually used throughout the remainder of a text (e.g. Al-Tabari)
is equivalent to
has sub-classes
hadith narrator c
is disjoint with
hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

poetryc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Poetry

Represents poetic verses or stanzas referenced within the Tafsir.
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

root narratorc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/RootNarrator

The earliest known narrator in a Hadith chain, often a companion of the Prophet.
has super-classes
hadith narrator c
is in range of
has root narrator op

root narrator chain segmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/RootNarratorChainSegment

The initial segment of a narrator chain, starting from the earliest source.
has super-classes
narrator chain segment c
is in range of
has root narrator segment op

sectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Section

A major division within the Tafsir, often corresponding to significant thematic breaks.
is in domain of
is about op
is in range of
commented in op, contains section op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

segmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Segment

Represents a smaller portion of a section, focusing on specific verses or themes.
is in range of
contains segment op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

sub sectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/SubSection

A subdivision within a section, allowing for detailed thematic or topical breakdowns.
is in range of
contains sub section op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

sub themec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/SubTheme

Subdivides the main themes into more specific topics for detailed analysis.
has super-classes
theme c
is in domain of
is sub theme of op
is in range of
has sub theme op

surahc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Surah

Represents a chapter of the Quran, which is the primary text being interpreted in the Tafsir.
is equivalent to
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

tafsir chapterc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/TafsirChapter

Denotes a chapter within the Tafsir, organising the commentary into sections. Usually corresponds to the Surahs of the Quran.
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

tafsir collectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/TafsirCollection

Represents the entire compilation of Tafsir works, encompassing all chapters, sections, and interpretations within a particular edition or collection of Tafsir literature. This class organises the Tafsir content as a cohesive set, providing a structured framework for accessing and analysing the exegesis as a whole.

thematic verse fragment referencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/ThematicVerseFragmentReference

Refers to a specific fragment of a thematic verse that is analysed in detail within the Tafsir, providing a focused interpretation of that segment.
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

thematic verse referencec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/ThematicVerseReference

Represents a Quranic verse that has been identified as thematically significant within the Tafsir, highlighting its relevance to specific themes or concepts.
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

themec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Theme

Captures the major themes identified in the Tafsir, organizing the content around key concepts.
is equivalent to
has sub-classes
sub theme c
is in range of
has theme op, is sub theme of op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, time c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

timec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/Time

Represents temporal information mentioned in the Tafsir, such as historical periods or specific dates. In the early 7th century, the moon calendar was still in its primary form, hence there was not a proper usage of numerical format like in our modern days. Therefore, dates were mostly written out in words, either only by day name, or sometimes including the month name, and rarely, the year. Also well-known temporal entities, such as the Day of Judgment (Youm Al-Din).
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, Ayah c, verse fragment c

verse fragmentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/VerseFragment

A part of a Quranic verse that is individually analysed or referenced in the Tafsir.
is in domain of
is part of verse op
is in range of
contains verse fragment op
is disjoint with
person c, hadith c, hadith text c, narrator chain c, narrator chain segment c, additional text c, book location c, commentary c, dataset location c, line beginning c, location c, narrator type c, note c, organization c, other c, poetry c, section c, segment c, sub section c, surah c, tafsir chapter c, thematic verse fragment reference c, thematic verse reference c, theme c, time c, Ayah c

Object Properties

commented inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/commentedIn

Indicates that a specific verse or passage is commented on within a particular section of the Tafsir.
has range
section c
is inverse of
is about op

contains additional textop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/containsAdditionalText

Specifies that an entity includes additional text or annotation, often used for footnotes or marginalia.
has super-properties
has part op
has range
additional text c

contains commentaryop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/containsCommentary

Indicates that an entity includes commentary, typically linked to a Quranic verse or thematic discussion.
has super-properties
has part op
has range
commentary c

contains sectionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/containsSection

Associates a higher-level entity (e.g., a chapter) with one of its sections.
has super-properties
has part op
has range
section c

contains segmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/containsSegment

Links a section to one of its smaller segments, reflecting the breakdown of the content into manageable parts.
has super-properties
has part op
has range
segment c

contains sub sectionop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/containsSubSection

Indicates that a section is further divided into subsections, used for detailed organisational structure.
has super-properties
has part op
has range
sub section c

contains verseop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/containsVerse

Connects a Tafsir or commentary to the specific Quranic verse it interprets or explains.
has super-properties
has part op
has range
Ayah c

contains verse fragmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/containsVerseFragment

Links a commentary or note to a specific fragment of a Quranic verse, allowing for granular analysis.
has super-properties
has part op
has range
verse fragment c

followsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/follows

follows Establishes a sequential relationship where one entity like a segment or a section follows another within the text.
is inverse of
precedes op

has book locationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasBookLocation

Links an entity to its corresponding book location, indicating where the text can be found within a physical or digital book.

has dataset locationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasDatasetLocation

Connects an entity to the dataset’s location, often used to reference the source of data or annotations.

has hadith textop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/hasHadithText

Connects a Hadith entity to its textual content.
has super-properties
has part op
has domain
hadith c
has range
hadith text c

has line beginningop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasLineBeginning

Associates a segment of text with the beginning of a line, important for preserving the structure of the text as presented in the original manuscript.

has narratorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/hasNarrator

Links a Hadith or commentary to the person who narrated it, forming part of the chain of transmission.
is inverse of
narrated op
has sub-property chains
has narrator chain op o has narrator segment op o refers to narrator op

has narrator chainop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/hasNarratorChain

Links a Hadith to its entire chain of narrators, providing a complete view of its transmission history.
has super-properties
has part op
has domain
hadith c
has range
narrator chain c

has narrator segmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/hasNarratorSegment

Connects a Hadith to a segment of the narrator chain, allowing for detailed tracking of the transmission process.
has domain
narrator chain c
has range
narrator chain segment c

has narrator typeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasNarratorType

Specifies the type of narrator, such as whether they are a primary source or a secondary transmitter in the chain of narration
has domain
hadith narrator c

has noteop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasNote

Links a piece of text to a corresponding note or annotation, providing additional context or explanation.

has partop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/hasPart

A general property indicating that an entity is composed of other entities, used to organize content within the ontology.
has sub-properties
contains additional text op, contains commentary op, contains section op, contains segment op, contains sub section op, contains verse op, contains verse fragment op, has hadith text op, has narrator chain op

has root narratorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/hasRootNarrator

Connects a Hadith to its root narrator, the earliest source in the chain of transmission
has range
root narrator c

has root narrator segmentop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/hasRootNarratorSegment

Links a Hadith to the initial segment of its narrator chain, starting from the root narrator
has domain
narrator chain c
has range
root narrator chain segment c

has sub themeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasSubTheme

Connects a theme to its sub-themes, providing a more detailed categorisation within a broader thematic area
has super-properties
has theme op
has range
sub theme c

has themeop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasTheme

Associates a verse, segment, or commentary with a broader thematic concept, allowing for thematic organization within the ontology.
has sub-properties
has sub theme op
has range
theme c

heard fromop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/heardFrom

Indicates the source from which a narrator heard the Hadith, typically another narrator in the chain.
has domain
hadith narrator c
has range
hadith narrator c
is inverse of
transferred to op

is aboutop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/isAbout

Describes the subject matter or focus of a commentary or note, linking it to the relevant verse.
has domain
section c
is inverse of
commented in op

is part ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://schema.org/isPartOf

Indicates that an entity is a component of a larger entity, used to establish part-whole relationships.
has sub-properties
is part of hadith op, is part of verse op
has range
hadith c

is part of hadithop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/isPartOfHadith

Specifies that an entity is part of a Hadith, such as a segment of the narrator chain.
has super-properties
is part of op
has range
hadith c

is part of verseop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/isPartOfVerse

Connects a verse fragment to the full verse it is part of.
has super-properties
is part of op
has domain
verse fragment c
has range
Ayah c

is sub theme ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/isSubThemeOf

Establishes a relationship where a sub-theme is part of a larger theme, reflecting the hierarchical structure of thematic categorization
has domain
sub theme c
has range
theme c

mentioned inop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/mentionedIn

Links an entity (e.g., person, place, or concept) to the specific text where it is mentioned.
is inverse of
mentions op

mentionsop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/mentions

Indicates that a text or commentary references a particular entity, such as a person or concept.
is inverse of
mentioned in op

narratedop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/narrated

Connects a narrator to the Hadith or text they transmitted.
is inverse of
has narrator op

precedesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/precedes

Establishes that one text or segment comes before another, used to maintain the order of content in the ontology.
is inverse of
follows op

referencesop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/references

Links a text or commentary to another text it references, showing the relationship between different parts of the literature.

refers toop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/refersTo

Indicates a relationship where one text refers to another, such as a Tafsir referencing a Quranic verse or Hadith
has sub-properties
refers to narrator op

refers to narratorop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/refersToNarrator

Specifically links a text to a particular narrator referenced within it.
has super-properties
refers to op
has domain
narrator chain segment c
has range
hadith narrator c

transferred toop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantichadith.com/ontology/transferredTo

Captures the transfer of knowledge, narration, or content from one entity to another, such as the passing of narration from one scholar to another
has domain
hadith narrator c
has range
hadith narrator c
is inverse of
heard from op

Data Properties

has chapter nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasChapterNo

Specifies the chapter number within a Tafsir, used to organize and reference specific chapters.

has commentary nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasCommentaryNo

Represents the number assigned to a particular commentary within a chapter or section, allowing for easy identification

has editiondp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasEdition

Captures the edition number or details of a specific version of a text or Tafsir, useful for referencing different editions

has hadith nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasHadithNo

Indicates the number assigned to a Hadith within a collection, facilitating retrieval and cross-referencing

has i ddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasID

A unique identifier assigned to an entity within the ontology, ensuring each entity can be distinctly referenced

has languagedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasLanguage

Denotes the language in which a text, commentary, or note is written, supporting multilingual representations.

has namedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasName

Represents the name of an entity, such as a person, location, or theme, providing a human-readable label.

has page nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasPageNo

Indicates the page number where a text or commentary can be found, useful for referencing specific locations within a physical or digital book.

has reference nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasReferenceNo

Specifies a reference number used for citing or linking to other texts, annotations, or scholarly works

has section nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasSectionNo

Represents the section number within a chapter, used for organising and navigating the content.

has sub section nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasSubSectionNo

Indicates the subsection number within a section, allowing for more granular categorisation of content.

has sub typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasSubType

Captures the subtype of an entity, providing additional classification details beyond the primary type.

has surah nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasSurahNo

Specifies the Surah (chapter) number from the Quran that is being interpreted or referenced in the Tafsir

has textdp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasText

Contains the actual text content of an entity, such as the full text of a verse, commentary, or annotation.

has timedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasTime

Represents temporal information, such as the date or period associated with an event or narration.

has typedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasType

Indicates the type or category of an entity, used to classify and organise different elements within the ontology

has verse nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasVerseNo

Specifies the verse number from the Quran, used to reference specific verses within the text.

has volume nodp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.semantictafsir.com/ontology/hasVolumeNo

Captures the volume number within a multi-volume work, aiding in the identification and location of content across volumes

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties

References back to ToC

Kamran, Amna Binte, Bushra Abro, and Amna Basharat. "SemanticHadith: An ontology-driven knowledge graph for the hadith corpus." Journal of Web Semantics 78 (2023): 100797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.websem.2023.100797

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.